List of the Presidents of Panama (1840-Present)
This page lists presidents of Panama since both independences, in 1840 and in 1903. See also lists of incumbents.
Shortlived first independence (1840-1841)
President of the Municipal Council and First de facto President (1903)
Member of the Provisional Government Junta (1903-1904)
Presidents of Panama (1904-Present)
Military (de facto) leaders of Panama (1968-1989)
From 1968 to 1989, the commandant of the Panamanian Defense Forces (known as the National Guard until 1983) was the de facto leader of Panama.
Notes- 1) Omar Torrijos was the leader of Panama from the coup d'etat in 1968 until his death in 1981, sharing power with Boris Martínez until 1969. He never held elected office in Panama, and was never president. He did hold the title of Chief of the Government and Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution from 1972 to 1978. 2) General Manuel Noriega is often wrongly credited as being President of Panama from around 1983 until the U.S. invasion of Panama in 1989. Though he was the de facto ruler of Panama during this period, he was never legally president.
Latest election
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Summary of the 2 May 2004 Panama presidential election results
| Candidates |
Parties |
Votes |
% |
| Martín Torrijos |
Patria Nueva. A coalition between Democratic Revolutionary Party and Popular Party (Panama) |
711,447 |
47.44 |
| Guillermo Endara |
Solidarity Party |
462,766 |
30.86 |
| José Miguel Alemán |
Arnulfista Party |
245,845 |
16.39 |
| Ricardo Martinelli |
Democratic Change |
79,595 |
5.31 |
| Total (turnout 76.9%) |
1,499,072 |
100.0 |
| Ballot papers left blank |
17,366 |
1.13 |
| Spoiled ballot papers |
21,276 |
1.38 |
| Total votes |
1,537,714 |
Source
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