Main article: Woodwind instrument.

Flutes

A Haynes flute in Boehm style from 1917 (Dayton C. Miller Flute Collection 0058).

Open

Side-blown

• Bansuri (India)
• Dizi (China)
• Flute
  • Fife
  • Piccolo
  • Western concert flute
  • Alto flute
  • Bass flute
  • Contra-alto flute
  • Contrabass flute
  • Double contrabass flute
  • Hyperbass flute
• Irish flute
• Koudi (China)
• Nohkan (Japan)
• Ryuteki (Japan)
• Shinobue (Japan)
• Veena (South India)

End-blown

• Kaval
• Ney
• Danso (Korea)
• Hocchiku (Japan)
• Hun (Korea)
• Palendag (Philippines)
• Panflute
• Quena (South America)
• Shakuhachi (Japan)
• Suling (Indonesia/Philippines)
• Tumpong (Philippines)
• Xiao (China)
• Xun (China)

Internal Duct (fipple)

• Diple (or Dvojnice) (Croatia)
• Flageolet (France}
• Fujara (Slovakia)
• Gemshorn (Germany)
• Ocarina (China)
• Organ pipe The pipes of the church/chamber organ are actually fipple flutes.
• Recorder (Germany)
• Tin Whistle
• Shvi (Armenia)
• Dilli Kaval (Turkey)

Single-reed

Two soprano clarinets: a B♭ clarinet (left) and an A clarinet (right, with no mouthpiece). These use the Oehler system of keywork.

• Albogue (Spain)
• Alboka (Basque Country, Spain)
• Arghul (Egypt and other Arabic nations)
• Aulochrome
• Chalumeau
• Clarinet
  • Piccolo (or sopranino, or octave) clarinet
  • Soprano clarinet (including E-flat clarinet)
  • Saxonette
  • Basset clarinet
  • Clarinette d'amour
  • Basset horn
  • Alto clarinet
  • Bass clarinet
  • Contra-alto clarinet
  • Contrabass clarinet
  • Octocontra-alto clarinet
  • Octocontrabass clarinet
• Diplica (Baranya)
• Double clarinet
• Heckel-clarina
• Heckelphone-clarinet
• Hornpipe
• Launeddas (Sardinia)
• Mijwiz (Arabic nations)
• Octavin
• Pibgorn
• Saxophone
  • Soprillo
  • Sopranino saxophone
  • Soprano saxophone
  • Mezzo-soprano saxophone
  • Alto saxophone
  • Tenor saxophone
  • C melody saxophone
  • Baritone saxophone
  • Bass saxophone
  • Contrabass saxophone
  • Subcontrabass saxophone
  • Tubax
• Sipsi
• Tárogató (after 1890)
• Xaphoon
• Zhaleika

Double-reed

Exposed

A Fox Instruments bassoon.

• Alghaita (Niger)
• Balaban (Azerbaijan)
• Bassanelli
• Bassoon
  • Contrabassoon
• Bifora (Sicily)
• Bombarde (France)
• Catalan shawm
• Cromorne (French baroque, different from the crumhorn)
• Duduk (Armenia)
• Dulcian
• Dulzaina (Spain)
• Guan (China)
• Heckelphone
  • Piccolo heckelphone
• Hichiriki (Japan)
• Kèn bầu (Vietnam)
• Mizmar (Arabic nations)
• Nadaswaram
• Oboe
  • Piccolo oboe
  • Oboe d'amore
  • Cor anglais (i.e. English horn)
  • Oboe da caccia
  • Bass oboe
  • Contrabass oboe
• Piri (Korea)
• Pommer (Europe)
• Rackett (Europe)
• Reed contrabass/Contrabass à anche
• Rhaita (North Africa)
• Rothphone
• Sarrusophone (but often played with single reed mouthpiece)
• Shawm (schalmei)
• Sopila (Croatia)
• Sorna (Persia)
• Suona (China)
• Surnay (Iran)
• Taepyeongso (Korea)
• Tárogató (Hungary; up to about the 18th century)
• Tromboon
• Trompeta china (Cuba)
• Zurla (Macedonia)
• Zurna

Capped

• Bagpipes (see Types of bagpipes)
• Cornamuse
• Crumhorn
• Hirtenschalmei
• Kortholt
• Rauschpfeife

Quadruple reed

• Pi (Thailand)
• Shehnai (India)
• Sralai (Cambodia)

Sextuple reed

• Hne (Myanmar)