1688 state leaders - Events of 1689 - 1690 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Dahomey - Akaba, King of Dahomey (1685-1708)
• Ethiopia - Iyasu I, Emperor of Ethiopia, (1682 - 1706)

Asia

• China (Qing Dynasty) - Kangxi, Emperor of China (1662-1722)
• Japan -
  • Monarch - Higashiyama, Emperor of Japan (1687-1709)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Shogun of Japan (1680-1709)
  • Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Tei, King of Ryūkyū (1669-1709)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Sukjong, King of Joseon (1674-1720)

Europe

• Denmark–Norway - Christian V, King of Denmark (1670-1699)
• England -
  1. James II, King of England (1685-1689)
  2. William III and Mary II, Co-sovereigns of England (1689-1694)
• France - Louis XIV, King of France (1643-1715)
• Holy Roman Empire - Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1658-1705)
• Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Jan III Sobieski, King of Poland (1674-1696)
• Portugal - Pedro II, King of Portugal (1667-1706)
• Russia - Peter I and Ivan V, Tsars of Russia (1682-1696)
• Savoy - Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy (1675-1730)
• Scotland -
  1. James VII, King of Scotland (1685-1689)
  2. William II and Mary II, Co-sovereigns of Scotland (1689-1694)
• Spain - Charles II, King of Spain (1665-1700)
• Sweden - Charles XI, King of Sweden (1660-1697)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581-1795)
  • Stadtholder - King William III of England, Stadtholder of Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1672-1702)
    • Holland - Grand Pensionary
      1. Michiel ten Hove (1688-1689)
      2. Anthonie Heinsius (1689-1720)