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J23paceminterris.jpg‎ (218 × 280 pixels, file size: 13 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)

Summary

Image of John XXIII signing encyclical Pacem in Terris - Originally taken from http://www.truecatholic.org/nop/j23paceminterris.htm

As with all such photographs, it would have been taken by an official Vatican photographer for issue to the press. Only Vatican photographers are allowed to attend such ceremonies and take photographs. They then issue the official image to the media. (Practically all photographs of popes at formal functions in the are taken by official Vatican photographers, in fact until he retired recently the same man took just about every major official photograph of Popes Pius XII, John XXIII, Paul VI, John Paul I and John Paul II.

Fair use rationale for Pope John XXIII

Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:

1. It is a historically significant photo of John XXIII signing encyclical Pacem in Terris.
2. It is of much lower resolution than the original (copies made from it will be of very inferior quality).
3. The photo is only being used for informational purposes.
4. Its inclusion in the article adds significantly to the article because the photo and its historical significance are the object of discussion in the article.
5. Because the image depicts a non-reproducible historic event, there is almost certainly no free equivalent. Any substitute that is not a derivative work would fail to convey the meaning intended, would tarnish or misrepresent its image, or would fail its purpose of identification or commentary.

Fair use rationale for Pacem in Terris

Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:

1. It is a historically significant photo of John XXIII signing encyclical Pacem in Terris.
2. It is of much lower resolution than the original (copies made from it will be of very inferior quality).
3. The photo is only being used for informational purposes.
4. Its inclusion in the article adds significantly to the article because the photo and its historical significance are the object of discussion in the article.
5. Because the image depicts a non-reproducible historic event, there is almost certainly no free equivalent. Any substitute that is not a derivative work would fail to convey the meaning intended, would tarnish or misrepresent its image, or would fail its purpose of identification or commentary.

Licensing

This work is copyrighted and unlicensed. It does not fall into one of the blanket acceptable non-free content categories listed at Wikipedia:Non-free content#Images or Wikipedia:Non-free content#Audio clips. However, it is believed that the use of this work in the articles "Pope John XXIII" and "Pacem in Terris": To illustrate the subject in question Where no free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information On the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation ([1]), qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Non-free content and Wikipedia:Copyrights. To the uploader: this tag is not a sufficient claim of fair use. You must also include the source of the work, all available copyright information, and a detailed non-free use rationale.

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