This is a list of countries in Europe with their English and domestic language long and short names and associated capital cities.
The divisions between Asia and Europe occur at the Ural Mountains, Ural River and Caspian Sea in the east, the Caucasus Mountains and the Black Sea with its outlets, Bosporus and Dardanelles in the south. Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkey are considered part of both Europe and Asia. Armenia and Cyprus are sociopolitical European countries. Islands in the Mediterranean Sea are generally part of Europe. Malta is a part of Europe.
Sovereign states (50)
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A state is a political association with effective sovereignty over a geographic area. A state usually includes the set of institutions that claim the authority to make the rules that govern the exercise of coercive violence for the people of the society in that territory, though its status as a state often depends in part on being recognized by a number of other states as having internal and external sovereignty over it. In sociology, the state is normally identified with these institutions: in Max Weber's influential definition, it is that organization that has a "monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory," which may include the armed forces, civil service or state bureaucracy, courts, and police.
Albania—Azerbaijan
Belarus—Croatia
Cyprus—Finland
France—Hungary
Iceland—Latvia
Liechtenstein—Malta
Moldova—Norway
Poland—San Marino
Serbia—Sweden
Switzerland—Vatican City
Nonsovereign territories and regions (7)
Dependent territories and autonomous regions in Europe.
Åland—Gibraltar
Guernsey—Jersey
Partially recognised republics, territories and regions (4)
The following geo-political entities in Europe have partial diplomatic recognition by one or more sovereign states and are defined as 'states' by the declarative theory of statehood.
Unrecognised republics, territories and regions (2)
The following geo-political entities in Europe lack diplomatic recognition, yet are defined as 'states' by the declarative theory of statehood.
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f Part of Transcaucasian Region.
- ^ a b c Cyprus and Greenland are both entirely on other continents ( Asia and North America respectively ), but they have sociopolitical connections with Europe.
- ^ Standard short form, not used very often
- ^ a b c Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkey are considered to be in both Europe and Asia geographically (Europe in dark blue, Asia in light blue).
- ^ a b These countries are city-states.
- ^ The Netherlands is also known in the short form as Holland, but this is the improper form for the name of the whole country as it refers only to a small region inside the country. See Netherlands (terminology).
- ^ United States CIA World Factbook -- Netherlands
- ^ The United Kingdom is composed of the constituent countries England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
- ^ Territory of Finland.
- ^ UK administered areas on the island of Cyprus that comprise the Sovereign Base Areas
- ^ a b British Overseas Territory.
- ^ Self-governing province of Denmark.
- ^ a b c British Crown Dependency.
- ^ a b De facto independent republic, with no international recognition. It is located within the internationally recognized borders of Georgia.
- ^ De facto independent republic with some international recognition. Kosovo declared independence from Serbia on February 18, 2008. It is listed as un-recognised until it attains membership in the United Nations.
- ^ De facto independent republic, with recognition by Turkey only. It is located on the northern part of the island of Cyprus.
- ^ De facto independent republic, with no international recognition. It is located entirely within the internationally recognized borders of Azerbaijan.
- ^ De facto independent republic, with no international recognition. It is located within the internationally recognized borders of Moldova.
See also
Other lists
- European Union
- Other lists of European countries
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