Brainwave electrodes for regenerative musical performance
Underwater quintephone performance at ICMC 2007
An electroencephalophone or encephalophone is a musical instrument or diagnostic tool which uses brain waves (measured in the same way as an EEG) to generate or modulate sounds.
One was designed by Erkki Kurenniemi, a Finnish electronic musician and artificial intelligence researcher, in the 1960s.
In the 1970s, David Rosenboom used EEG based devices to enable performers to create sound and music with their brain waves.
Eduardo Reck Miranda is currently (~2004) involved in research which uses neural networks and brain interfaces to create music.
James Fung, Ariel Garten, and Steve Mann (~2003) have created brainwave systems to control different musical variables in an interactie way, including underwater brainwave concerts [1].
The electroencephalophone is a quintephone in the sense that it creates sound from the "5th classical element" (i.e. from beyond the world of matter).
Related concepts
Quintephone as part of live performance. Using brainwaves the quintist directly interfaces to a music synthesizer, playing along with the other band members. A closed-loop system functions analogously with a regenerative receiver.
In addition to sound-production, regenerative brainwave musical performances use brainwave interfaces to modify or manipulate or play along with sounds of other instruments in a live performance context.
See also
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