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36th United States Congress
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The Thirty-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1859 to March 3, 1861, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President James Buchanan.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Republican plurality.
Dates of sessions
March 4, 1859 - March 3, 1861
Previous congress: 35th Congress
Next congress: 37th Congress
Party summary
Kansas was newly admitted to the Union and first represented as a state in this Congress. South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, and Texas seceded from the Union during this Congress.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
- Senate
TOTAL members: 66
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- House of Representatives
TOTAL members: 238
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Leadership
- Senate
- Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
- President pro tempore of the Senate:
- Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Democratic of Alabama, elected March 9, 1859
- Jesse D. Bright, Democratic of Indiana, elected June 12, 1860
- Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Democratic of Alabama, elected June 26, 1860
- Solomon Foot, Republican of Vermont, elected February 16, 1861
- House of Representatives
Major events
- Main article: Events of 1859; Events of 1860; Events of 1861
Major legislation
- Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 36th Congress
- January 29, 1861 - Kansas admitted as a state, ch. 20, 12 Stat. 126
- February 28, 1861 - Colorado Territory organized, ch. 59, 12 Stat. 172
- March 2, 1861 - Morrill tariff, ch. 68, 12 Stat. 178
- March 2, 1861 - Nevada Territory organized, ch. 83, 12 Stat. 209
- March 2, 1861 - Dakota Territory organized, ch. 86, 12 Stat. 239
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
- See also: 36th United States Congress - political parties
- See also: 36th United States Congress - State Delegations
- See also: United States House elections, 1858
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860.
- See also: Category:United States Senators
- See also: Category:United States Congressional Delegations by state
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- California
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kentucky
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- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
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- North Carolina
- Ohio
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Wisconsin
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House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
- See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives
- See also: Category:United States Congressional Delegations by state
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- California
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
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- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota [1]
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- North Carolina
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- Ohio
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Wisconsin
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Delegates
- Kansas Territory
- Nebraska Territory
- New Mexico Territory
- Utah Territory
- Washington Territory
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Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
- Senate
- replacements: 3
- deaths: 1
- resignations: 1
- interim appointments: 1
- withdrawals: 13
- Total seats with changes: 17
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- House of Representatives
- deaths: 4
- resignations: 3
- contested election: 1
- withdrawals: 28
- Total seats with changes: 41
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Officers
- Senate
- Other
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- House of Representatives
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Notes
- ^ Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. Ne
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