1865 in the United Kingdom:

Other years

1863 | 1864 | 1865 | 1866 | 1867

Sport

1865 English cricket season

Events from the year 1865 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

• Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom
• Prime Minister - Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Liberal (until 18 October), John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, Liberal

Events

• 28 May - The Mimosa sets sail, carrying Welsh emigrants to Patagonia.
• 25 June - James Hudson Taylor founds the China Inland Mission at Brighton.
• July - General election won by the Liberal Party led by Lord Palmerston.^[1]
• 2 July - The Christian Mission, later renamed the Salvation Army, is founded in Whitechapel, London by William and Catherine Booth.^[2][3]
• 4 July - Lewis Carroll publishes Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.^[3]
• 5 July - First speed limit is introduced in Britain by the Locomotive Act — 2 mph in town and 4 mph in the country.^[2]
• 14 July - A party led by Edward Whymper makes the first ascent of the Matterhorn.^[3]
• 23 July - the SS Great Eastern departs on a voyage to lay a transatlantic telegraph cable.^[3]
• 28 September - Elizabeth Garrett Anderson graduates as Britain's first woman doctor.^[2]
• 9 October to 20 October - Unsuccessful uprising against British rule in Morant Bay, Jamaica; 400 rebels executed.^[4]
• 29 October - Lord John Russell becomes Prime Minister following the death of Lord Palmerston on 18 October.^[3]
• 11 November - Duar War with Bhutan ends with the Treaty of Sinchula, in which Bhutan cedes control of southern passes to Britain in return for an annual subsidy.^[3]
• 16 December - Edward John Eyre, governor of Jamaica, dismissed and censured for his excessive actions during the suppression of the recent rebellion.^[4]

Undated

• Francis Galton formulates eugenics.^[5]
• Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation founded in Hong Kong by Thomas Sutherland.^[3]
• James Clerk Maxwell publishes A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field.^[3]
• Joseph Lister discovers the sterilising effects of carbolic acid.^[3]
• In London, a new sewer system built by the Metropolitan Board of Works is opened.^[3]
• Jumbo, a large African elephant, is transferred to London Zoo and becomes a popular attraction.
• New Poor Law Act improves conditions in workhouses.^[4]

Publications

• Lewis Carroll's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.^[4]
• Charles Dickens' novel Our Mutual Friend.^[4]

Births

• 9 April - Laurence Hope, poet (died 1904)
• 2 June - George Lohmann, cricketer (died 1901)
• 3 June - King George V of the United Kingdom (died 1936)
• 15 July - Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, newspaper and publishing magnate (died 1922)
• 12 October - Arthur Harden, chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1940)
• 20 October - Sir Rhys Rhys-Williams, 1st Baronet, judge (died 1955)
• 27 October - Tinsley Lindley, footballer (died 1940)
• 4 December - Edith Cavell, nurse (died 1915)
• 30 December - Rudyard Kipling, writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1936)

Deaths

• 6 February - Isabella Beeton, cook and expert on household management (born 1836)
• 11 March - Robert Hermann Schomburgk, explorer (b. 1804, Freiburg)
• 8 June - Joseph Paxton, gardener and architect (born 1803)
• 25 July - James Barry, military surgeon (born 1795)
• 12 August - William Jackson Hooker, botanist (born 1785)
• 9 September - William Henry Smyth, astronomer and admiral (born 1788)
• 18 October - Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister (born 1784)
• 1 November - John Lindley, botanist (born 1799)
• 8 November - Thomas Sayers, boxer (born 1826)
• 12 November - Elizabeth Gaskell, novelist and biographer (born 1810)

References

See also